Cristóbal Espinosa, José María García Beltrán, María Angeles Esteban, Alberto Cuesta

Volume 235, 2018, Pages 30-38, ISSN 0269-7491,

Abstract:

Microplastics are well-documented pollutants in the marine
environment that result from production or fragmentation of larger
plastic items. The knowledge about the direct effects of microplastics
on immunity, including fish, is still very limited. We investigated the
in vitro effects of microplastics [polyvinylchloride (PVC) and
polyethylene (PE)] on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European sea
bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) head-kidney leucocytes (HKLs). After 1 and
24 h of exposure of HKLs with 0 (control), 1, 10 and 100 mg mL−1 MPs in
a rotatory system, cell viability, innate immune parameters (phagocytic,
respiratory burst and peroxidase activities) and the expression of genes
related to inflammation (il1b), oxidative stress (nrf2, prdx3),
metabolism of xenobiotics (cyp1a1, mta) and cell apoptosis (casp3) were
studied. Microplastics failed to affect the cell viability of HKLs. In
addition, they provoke very few significant effects on the main cellular
innate immune activities, as decrease on phagocytosis or increase in the
respiratory burst of HKLs with the highest dose of microplastics tested.
Furthermore, microplastics failed to affect the expression of the
selected genes on sea bass or seabream, except the nrf2 which was
up-regulated in seabream HKLs incubated with the highest doses. Present
results seem to suggest that continue exposure of fish to PVC or PE
microplastics could impair fish immune parameters probably due to the
oxidative stress produced in the fish leucocytes.

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Qt2ktad3nb3dXbpFtABXNOYqLJWOnhDu

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.054.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749117331317)