López-Jurado, J. L., Balbín, R., Alemany, F., Amengual, B.,
Aparicio-González, A., Fernández de Puelles, M. L., García-Martínez, M.
C., Gazá, M., Jansá, J., Morillas-Kieffer, A., Moyá, F., Santiago, R.,
Serra, M., and Vargas-Yáñez, M.: The RADMED monitoring programme as a
tool for MSFD implementation: towards an ecosystem-based approach, Ocean
Sci., 11, 897-908, doi:10.5194/os-11-897-2015, 2015.

Abstract. In the western Mediterranean Sea, the RADMED monitoring
programme is already conducting several of the evaluations required
under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MFSD) along the Spanish
Mediterranean coast. The different aspects of the ecosystem that are
regularly sampled under this monitoring programme are the physical
environment and the chemical and biological variables of the water
column, together with the planktonic communities, biomass and structure.
Moreover, determinations of some anthropogenic stressors on the marine
environment, such as contaminants and microplastics, are under development.

Data are managed and stored at the Instituto Español de Oceanografía
(IEO) Data Centre that works under the SeaDataNet infrastructure, and
are also stored in the IBAMar database. In combination with remote
sensing data, they are used to address open questions on the ecosystems
in the western Mediterranean Sea.

Please read the corrigendum first before accessing the article.

http://www.ocean-sci.net/11/897/2015/os-11-897-2015-corrigendum.pdf

http://www.ocean-sci.net/11/897/2015/os-11-897-2015.pdf

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http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/2015JC010840/abstract

Brunner, K., T. Kukulka, G. Proskurowski, and K. L. Law (2015), Passive
buoyant tracers in the ocean surface boundary layer: 2. Observations and
simulations of microplastic marine debris, J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 120,
7559–7573, doi:10.1002/2015JC010840.

Abstract
This paper is the second of a two-part series that investigates passive
buoyant tracers in the ocean surface boundary layer (OSBL). The first
part examines the influence of equilibrium wind-waves on vertical tracer
distributions, based on large eddy simulations (LESs) of the
wave-averaged Navier-Stokes equation. Motivated by observations of
buoyant microplastic marine debris (MPMD), this study applies the LES
model and the parametric one-dimensional column model from part one to
examine the vertical distributions of MPMD. MPMD is widely distributed
in vast regions of the subtropical gyres and has emerged as a major open
ocean pollutant whose distribution is subject to upper ocean turbulence.
The models capture shear-driven turbulence, Langmuir turbulence (LT),
and enhanced turbulent kinetic energy input due to breaking waves (BWs).
Model results are only consistent with observations of MPMD profiles and
the relationship between surface concentrations and wind speed if LT
effects are included. Neither BW nor shear-driven turbulence is capable
of deeply submerging MPMD, suggesting that the observed vertical MPMD
distributions are a characteristic signature of wave-driven LT. Thus,
this study demonstrates that LT substantially increases turbulent
transport in the OSBL, resulting in deep submergence of buoyant tracers.
The parametric model is applied to 11 years of observations in the North
Atlantic and North Pacific subtropical gyres to show that surface
measurements substantially underestimate MPMD concentrations by a factor
of 3–13.

Keywords:
marine debris; Langmuir turbulence; microplastic; ocean surface boundary
layer; breaking waves

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http://www.clearblueoceans.org/#!our-mission/galleryPage

The CBO Foundation of Canada (CBO Foundation) is committed to doing
whatever it takes to Change The World’s View Of Plastic Waste. It will
accomplish this by increasing awareness of the plastic packaging waste
issue and ocean impact, and monetizing all plastic waste to engage
citizens worldwide to become part of a viable solution to this waste
issue, one the CBO Foundation developed to collect and eliminate this
waste from our local landfills, and thereby our oceans.

The CBO Foundation, its business partners and employees will never be
anti-plastic or point fingers at the obvious parties who have
contributed to this waste issue. We are all guilty in some way for the
issue we face. Instead – through the CBO Tribe of Ocean Activists we
will accept our individual responsibility for this issue and work
together with the product retailers and manufactures, and our fellow
members in a united way to solve the problem, or at minimum, seeks to
reverse the growing and damaging trends of the 1,200 tons per hour of
plastic waste entering our oceans at the source.

http://youtu.be/5n_6ZWpY0Ek

CBO Mission Statement

Published on 8 Jan 2015

CBO Foundation Founder/President Peter Douglas shares his organizations
mission statement and core objective of changing the World’s View of
Plastic Waste. Learn more at ClearBlueOceans.org

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Belinda Waymouth
Environmental journalist and advocate, UCLA geography/environmental
studies graduate, mother

Plastic: It’s What’s for Dinner

Posted: 01/27/2015 8:44 pm EST Updated: 01/27/2015 8:59 pm EST

The day of ecological reckoning looms over us. I am not talking about
whether the Keystone XL Pipeline gets rammed through our backyards. I am
down the rabbit hole of environmental concern with another problematic
petrochemical — plastic.

We get plastic from oil, and have ingeniously transformed this
hydrocarbon polymer into a multitude of plastic things, giving our lives
a facade of durable-but-lightweight convenience.

Meantime there’s mounting evidence the dark side of plastic is much more
than we bargained for, or can cope with.

First off, the wholesale recyclability of plastic is a happy ending
environmental types — such as your author — want to believe. But in
the U.S less than 10 percent of plastic gets recycled. And, even when it
is recycled, the amount has become overwhelming. Globally there’ll be 45
million tons of plastic scrap looking to be recycled this year.

Most scrapped plastic ends up in China, bound for the Wen’an region.
Once a bucolic piece of countryside, Wen’an is now a toxic cesspit,
where people are paralyzed by off-the-chart blood pressure problems,
after enduring horrendous work conditions in a bid to recycle — or
otherwise dispose of — all the plastic.

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Public awareness and engagement are key components to reducing the flow
of plastic waste into our oceans. The Algalita POPS Youth Summit offers
students a chance to learn about current scientific research on plastic
pollution, share their action projects with their peers, and work
directly with mentors to help improve their projects? next steps.
2015 POPS International Youth Summit Website >>

http://2015.algalitayouthsummit.org

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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN MONACO ON THE 10TH AND 11TH OF MARCH 2015:
?PLASTIC IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA: WHAT ARE THE SOLUTIONS??

http://www.beyondplasticmed.org

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http://www.3rfish.org/en/proyecto.html

Integral Management Model of recovery and recycling of the proper solid
wastes from the fishing and port activities
(3RFISH)

3R FISH is a project launched within the framework of the European
programme LIFE+ (Component 2: Environment Policy and Governance, 2007)
to be implemented over the period 2009-2011.

The main objective is to improve the quality of marine waters and seabed
through the correct use of the devices and equipment that are handling
in the fishing sector, together with the proper solid waste management
and recycling from those activities. It represents a key component in a
strategy of fisheries and ports? sustainable development, according to
the European Union (EU) policy guidelines, as the Common Fisheries
Policy, the Integrated Maritime Policy, the Integrated Coastal Zone
Management and the Thematic Strategy on the prevention and recycling of
waste.

http://www.3rfish.org/en/documentacion.html

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