Microplastic does not magnify the acute effect of PAH pyrene on predatory performance of a tropical fish (Lates calcarifer),

Aquatic Toxicology,
Volume 198,
2018,
Pages 287-293,
ISSN 0166-445X,

Abstract:

Microplastic (MP) leads to widespread pollution in the marine
ecosystem. In addition to the physical hazard posed by ingestion of
microplastic particles, concern is also on their potential as vector for
transport of hydrophobic contaminants. We experimentally studied the
single and interactive effects of microplastic and pyrene, a polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbon, on the swimming behaviour and predatory
performance of juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer). Juveniles (18+
days post hatch) were exposed to MPs, or pyrene (100 nM), or combination
of both, and feeding rate and foraging activity (swimming) were
analysed. Exposure to MPs alone did not significantly influence feeding
performance of the juveniles, while a dose-effect series of pyrene
showed strong effect on fish behaviour when concentrations were above
100 nM. In the test of combined MP and pyrene exposure, we observed no
effect on feeding while swimming speed decreased significantly. Thus,
our results confirm that short-time exposure to pyrene impacts the
performance of fish juveniles, while additional exposure to microplastic
at the given conditions influenced their activity only and not their
feeding rate. Further studies of the combined effects of microplastics
and pollutants on tropical fish behaviour are encouraged.

https://drive.google.com/open?id=14-kLJ2DA3x_L0cyk6M48x4YWrzG8uuxd
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.03.011.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166445X18302492)

The post Microplastic does not magnify the acute effect of PAH pyrene on predatory performance of a tropical fish (Lates calcarifer) appeared first on One Earth - One Ocean e. V..

Microplastic does not magnify the acute effect of PAH pyrene on predatory performance of a tropical fish (Lates calcarifer),

Aquatic Toxicology,
Volume 198,
2018,
Pages 287-293,
ISSN 0166-445X,

Abstract:

Microplastic (MP) leads to widespread pollution in the marine
ecosystem. In addition to the physical hazard posed by ingestion of
microplastic particles, concern is also on their potential as vector for
transport of hydrophobic contaminants.
We experimentally studied thesingle and interactive effects of microplastic and
pyrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, on the swimming behaviour and predatory
performance of juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer). Juveniles (18+
days post hatch) were exposed to MPs, or pyrene (100 nM), or combination
of both, and feeding rate and foraging activity (swimming) were
analysed. Exposure to MPs alone did not significantly influence feeding
performance of the juveniles, while a dose-effect series of pyrene
showed strong effect on fish behaviour when concentrations were above
100 nM. In the test of combined MP and pyrene exposure, we observed no
effect on feeding while swimming speed decreased significantly. Thus,
our results confirm that short-time exposure to pyrene impacts the
performance of fish juveniles, while additional exposure to microplastic
at the given conditions influenced their activity only and not their
feeding rate. Further studies of the combined effects of microplastics
and pollutants on tropical fish behaviour are encouraged.

https://drive.google.com/open?id=14-kLJ2DA3x_L0cyk6M48x4YWrzG8uuxd
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.03.011.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166445X18302492)

The post Microplastic does not magnify the acute effect of PAH pyrene on predatory performance of a tropical fish appeared first on One Earth - One Ocean e. V..

Sorption behaviors of phenanthrene on the microplastics identified in a mariculture farm in Xiangshan Bay, southeastern China,

Science of The Total Environment,
Volumes 628–629,
2018,
Pages 1617-1626,
ISSN 0048-9697,

Abstract:

Recently, with the accumulation of evidence that microplastic can be ingested by a variety of marine organisms, microplastic sorption behaviors towards organic contaminants (OCs) have become the subject of more studies due to the concerns about the contaminant vector effect.
In this study, the priority microplastics identified in a mariculture farm in Xiangshan Bay, China, including polyethylene (PE) and nylon fibers (i.e., derived from new fishing ropes and nets), were examined for their
sorption behaviors. The results indicate that both plastic fibers show linear isotherms towards phenanthrene, a common target hydrophobic organic contaminant (HOC), revealing the characteristics of a partitioning mechanism. The sorption capacity of PE fiber was found to be 1–2 orders of magnitude higher (evaluated by Freundlich parameter log KF) than that of nylon fiber, suggesting the importance of plastic surface functional groups (i.e., with or without hydrophilic groups). By comparing carbon normalized log KF with literature data, the organic affinity of PE fiber was found to be 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than that of vectors, such as carbonaceous geosorbents (CG), but was 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than that of marine sediments. Small size and rough surface tended to enhance the sorption of plastic fibers of phenanthrene. In addition, phenol (log KOW: 1.46), a low-hydrophobicity
compound, showed approximately 3 orders of magnitude lower sorption amounts onto both fibers compared to phenanthrene (log KOW: 4.46), indicating the selectivity of hydrophobicity. The results of this study demonstrate that the high abundance of plastic fibers distributed in mariculture farms could lead to a higher contaminant transfer effect than marine sediments, and their effects on cultured seafood (e.g., crab and fish) need further investigation.
Keywords: Marine debris; Plastic; Fiber; PAHs; Uptake; Seafood

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1_-3VZFrGlVvqE3595xBJX_OXAc2WfhEh
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.146.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969718305370)

The post Sorption behaviors of phenanthrene on the microplastics identified in a mariculture farm in Xiangshan Bay, southeastern China appeared first on One Earth - One Ocean e. V..