DDT Archives - One Earth - One Ocean e. V. https://oneearth-oneocean.com/tag/ddt/ Fri, 21 Mar 2014 13:44:00 +0000 de-DE hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.5.5 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/cropped-oeoo-logo-unterzeile-blau-1-32x32.jpg DDT Archives - One Earth - One Ocean e. V. https://oneearth-oneocean.com/tag/ddt/ 32 32 Transport of persistent organic pollutants by microplastics in estuarine conditions https://oneearth-oneocean.com/research/2014/transport-of-persistent-organic-pollutants-by-microplastics-in-estuarine-conditions/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/research/2014/transport-of-persistent-organic-pollutants-by-microplastics-in-estuarine-conditions/#respond Fri, 21 Mar 2014 13:44:00 +0000 http://www.oneearth-oneocean.com/kb/?p=367 Adil Bakir, Steven J. Rowland, Richard C. Thompson, Transport of persistent organic pollutants by microplastics in estuarine conditions, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Volume 140, 1 March 2014, Pages 14-21, ISSN 0272-7714, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.01.004. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272771414000110) Abstract: Microplastics represent an increasing source of anthropogenic contamination in aquatic environments, where they may also act as scavengers and transporters of persistent organic pollutants. As estuaries are amongst the most productive aquatic systems, it is important to understand sorption behaviour and transport of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by microplastics along estuarine gradients. The effects of salinity sorption equilibrium kinetics on the distribution coefficients (Kd) of phenanthrene (Phe) and 4,4′-DDT, onto polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and onto polyethylene (PE) were therefore investigated. A salinity gradient representing freshwater, estuarine and marine conditions, with salinities corresponding to 0 (MilliQ water, 690 μS/cm), 8.8, 17.5, 26.3 and 35 was used. Salinity had no significant effect on the time required to reach equilibrium onto PVC or PE and neither did it affect desorption rates of contaminants from plastics. Although salinity had no effect on sorption capacity of Phe onto plastics, a slight decrease in sorption capacity was observed for DDT with salinity. Salinity had little effect on sorption behaviour and POP/plastic combination was shown to be a more important factor. Transport of Phe and DDT from riverine to brackish and marine waters by plastic is therefore likely to be much more dependent on the aqueous POP concentration than on salinity. The physical characteristics of the polymer and local environmental conditions (e.g. plastic density, particle residence time in estuaries) will affect the physical transport of contaminated plastics. A transport model of POPs by microplastics under estuarine conditions is proposed. Transport of Phe and DDT by PVC and PE from fresh and brackish water toward fully marine conditions was the most likely net direction for contaminant transport and followed the order: Phe-PE >> DDT-PVC = DDT-PE >> Phe-PVC. Keywords: Marine Strategy Framework Directive; sorption; hydrophobic organic compounds; brackish waters; plastic particles

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]]> Adil Bakir, Steven J. Rowland, Richard C. Thompson, Transport of persistent organic pollutants by microplastics in estuarine conditions, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Volume 140, 1 March 2014, Pages 14-21, ISSN 0272-7714, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.01.004. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272771414000110) Abstract: Microplastics represent an increasing source of anthropogenic contamination in aquatic environments, where they may also act as scavengers and transporters of persistent organic pollutants. As estuaries are amongst the most productive aquatic systems, it is important to understand sorption behaviour and transport of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by microplastics along estuarine gradients. The effects of salinity sorption equilibrium kinetics on the distribution coefficients (Kd) of phenanthrene (Phe) and 4,4′-DDT, onto polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and onto polyethylene (PE) were therefore investigated. A salinity gradient representing freshwater, estuarine and marine conditions, with salinities corresponding to 0 (MilliQ water, 690 μS/cm), 8.8, 17.5, 26.3 and 35 was used. Salinity had no significant effect on the time required to reach equilibrium onto PVC or PE and neither did it affect desorption rates of contaminants from plastics. Although salinity had no effect on sorption capacity of Phe onto plastics, a slight decrease in sorption capacity was observed for DDT with salinity. Salinity had little effect on sorption behaviour and POP/plastic combination was shown to be a more important factor. Transport of Phe and DDT from riverine to brackish and marine waters by plastic is therefore likely to be much more dependent on the aqueous POP concentration than on salinity. The physical characteristics of the polymer and local environmental conditions (e.g. plastic density, particle residence time in estuaries) will affect the physical transport of contaminated plastics. A transport model of POPs by microplastics under estuarine conditions is proposed. Transport of Phe and DDT by PVC and PE from fresh and brackish water toward fully marine conditions was the most likely net direction for contaminant transport and followed the order: Phe-PE >> DDT-PVC = DDT-PE >> Phe-PVC. Keywords: Marine Strategy Framework Directive; sorption; hydrophobic organic compounds; brackish waters; plastic particles

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/research/2014/transport-of-persistent-organic-pollutants-by-microplastics-in-estuarine-conditions/feed/ 0 Monitoring of a wide range of organic micropollutants on Portuguese coast using plastic resin pellets https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2013/2013/monitoring-of-a-wide-range-of-organic-micropollutants-on-portuguese-coast-using-plastic-resin-pellets/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2013/2013/monitoring-of-a-wide-range-of-organic-micropollutants-on-portuguese-coast-using-plastic-resin-pellets/#respond Sun, 29 Dec 2013 11:28:49 +0000 http://www.oneearth-oneocean.com/kb/?p=144 Kaoruko Mizukawa, Hideshige Takada, Maki Ito, Yeo Bee Geok, Junki Hosoda, Rei Yamashita, Mahua Saha, Satoru Suzuki, Carlos Miguez, João Frias, Joana Cepeda Antunes, Paula Sobral, Isabelina Santos, Cristina Micaelo, Ana Maria Ferreira, Monitoring of a wide range of organic micropollutants on the Portuguese coast using plastic resin pellets, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 70, Issues 1–2, 15 May 2013, Pages 296-302, ISSN 0025-326X, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.02.008. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X13000647) Abstract: We analyzed polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane and its metabolites, hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and hopanes, in plastic resin pellets collected from nine locations along the Portuguese coast. Concentrations of a sum of 13 PCBs were one order of magnitude higher in two major cities (Porto: 307 ng/g-pellet; Lisboa: 273 ng/g-pellet) than in the seven rural sites. Lower chlorinated congeners were more abundant in the rural sites than in the cities, suggesting atmospheric dispersion. At most of the locations, PAH concentrations (sum of 33 PAH species) were ∼100 to ∼300 ng/g-pellet; however, three orders of magnitude higher concentrations of PAHs, with a petrogenic signature, were detected at a small city (Sines). Hopanes were detected in the pellets at all locations. This study demonstrated that multiple sample locations, including locations in both urban and remote areas, are necessary for country-scale pellet watch.

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]]> Kaoruko Mizukawa, Hideshige Takada, Maki Ito, Yeo Bee Geok, Junki Hosoda, Rei Yamashita, Mahua Saha, Satoru Suzuki, Carlos Miguez, João Frias, Joana Cepeda Antunes, Paula Sobral, Isabelina Santos, Cristina Micaelo, Ana Maria Ferreira, Monitoring of a wide range of organic micropollutants on the Portuguese coast using plastic resin pellets, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 70, Issues 1–2, 15 May 2013, Pages 296-302, ISSN 0025-326X, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.02.008. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X13000647) Abstract: We analyzed polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane and its metabolites, hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and hopanes, in plastic resin pellets collected from nine locations along the Portuguese coast. Concentrations of a sum of 13 PCBs were one order of magnitude higher in two major cities (Porto: 307 ng/g-pellet; Lisboa: 273 ng/g-pellet) than in the seven rural sites. Lower chlorinated congeners were more abundant in the rural sites than in the cities, suggesting atmospheric dispersion. At most of the locations, PAH concentrations (sum of 33 PAH species) were ∼100 to ∼300 ng/g-pellet; however, three orders of magnitude higher concentrations of PAHs, with a petrogenic signature, were detected at a small city (Sines). Hopanes were detected in the pellets at all locations. This study demonstrated that multiple sample locations, including locations in both urban and remote areas, are necessary for country-scale pellet watch.

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2013/2013/monitoring-of-a-wide-range-of-organic-micropollutants-on-portuguese-coast-using-plastic-resin-pellets/feed/ 0