S.C. Gall, R.C. Thompson, The impact of debris on marine life, Marine
\nPollution Bulletin, Available online 10 February 2015, ISSN 0025-326X,
\nhttp:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2014.12.041.
\n(http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0025326X14008571)
\nAbstract: Marine debris is listed among the major perceived threats to
\nbiodiversity, and is cause for particular concern due to its abundance,
\ndurability and persistence in the marine environment. An extensive
\nliterature search reviewed the current state of knowledge on the effects
\nof marine debris on marine organisms. 340 original publications reported
\nencounters between organisms and marine debris and 693 species. Plastic
\ndebris accounted for 92% of encounters between debris and individuals.
\nNumerous direct and indirect consequences were recorded, with the
\npotential for sublethal effects of ingestion an area of considerable
\nuncertainty and concern. Comparison to the IUCN Red List highlighted
\nthat at least 17% of species affected by entanglement and ingestion were
\nlisted as threatened or near threatened. Hence where marine debris
\ncombines with other anthropogenic stressors it may affect populations,
\ntrophic interactions and assemblages.
\nKeywords: Ocean litter; Garbage; Biodiversity; Harm; Mortality;
\nMicroplastics<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S.C. Gall, R.C. Thompson, The impact of debris on marine life, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Available online 10 February 2015, ISSN 0025-326X, http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2014.12.041. (http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0025326X14008571) Abstract: Marine debris is listed among the major perceived threats to biodiversity, and is cause for particular concern due to its abundance, durability and persistence in the marine environment. An extensive literature search reviewed the current state of knowledge on the effects of marine debris on marine organisms. 340 original publications reported encounters between organisms and marine debris and 693 species. Plastic debris accounted for 92% of encounters between debris and individuals. Numerous direct and indirect consequences were recorded, with the potential for sublethal effects of ingestion an area of considerable uncertainty and concern. Comparison to the IUCN Red List highlighted that at least 17% of species affected by entanglement and ingestion were listed as threatened or near threatened. Hence where marine debris combines with other anthropogenic stressors it may affect populations, trophic interactions and assemblages. Keywords: Ocean litter; Garbage; Biodiversity; Harm; Mortality; Microplastics<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3476,3423],"tags":[3512,1585,1445],"yoast_head":"\n