{"id":28376,"date":"2021-01-04T17:31:51","date_gmt":"2021-01-04T16:31:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oneearth-oneocean.com\/2021\/01\/04\/marine-environment-microfiber-contamination-global-patterns-and-the-diversity-of-microparticle-origins-2\/"},"modified":"2023-07-05T07:58:05","modified_gmt":"2023-07-05T05:58:05","slug":"marine-environment-microfiber-contamination-global-patterns-and-the-diversity-of-microparticle-origins-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oneearth-oneocean.com\/en\/international-marine-litter-database-en-en\/2021\/marine-environment-microfiber-contamination-global-patterns-and-the-diversity-of-microparticle-origins-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Marine environment microfiber contamination: Global patterns and the diversity of microparticle origins"},"content":{"rendered":"

A.P.W. Barrows, S.E. Cathey, C.W. Petersen<\/p>\n

Environmental Pollution, Volume 237, 2018, Pages 275-284, ISSN 0269-7491,<\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/p>\n

Microplastic and microfiber pollution has been documented in
\nall major ocean basins. Microfibers are one of the most common
\nmicroparticle pollutants along shorelines. Over 9 million tons of fibers
\nare produced annually; 60% are synthetic and \u223c25% are non-synthetic.
\nNon-synthetic and semi-synthetic microfibers are infrequently documented
\nand not typically included in marine environment impact analyses,
\nresulting in underestimation of a potentially pervasive and harmful
\npollutant. We present the most extensive worldwide microparticle
\ndistribution dataset using 1-liter grab samples (n\u202f=\u202f1393). Our citizen
\nscientist driven study shows a global microparticle average of
\n11.8\u202f\u00b1\u202f24.0 particles L\u22121 (mean\u202f\u00b1\u202fSD), approximately three orders of
\nmagnitude higher than global model predictions. Open ocean samples
\nshowed consistently higher densities than coastal samples, with the
\nhighest concentrations found in the polar oceans (n\u202f=\u202f51), confirming
\nprevious empirical and theoretical studies. Particles were predominantly
\nmicrofibers (91%) and 0.1\u20131.5\u202fmm in length (77%), a smaller size than
\nthose captured in the majority of surface studies. Using \u03bcFT-IR we
\ndetermined the material types of 113 pieces; 57% were classified as
\nsynthetic, 12% as semi-synthetic, and 31% as non-synthetic. Samples were
\ntaken globally, including from coastal environments and understudied
\nocean regions. Some of these sites are emerging as areas of concentrated
\nfloating plastic and anthropogenic debris, influenced by distant waste
\nmismanagement and\/or deposition of airborne particles. Incorporation of
\nsmaller-sized microfibers in oceanographic models, which has been
\nlacking, will help us to better understand the movement and
\ntransformation of synthetic, semi-synthetic and non-synthetic
\nmicroparticles in regional seas and ocean basins.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=1igOxgrL6DSSvDtXI161CWaJn6ytsp5X7<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.02.062.(http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0269749117349400)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A.P.W. Barrows, S.E. Cathey, C.W. Petersen Environmental Pollution, Volume 237, 2018, Pages 275-284, ISSN 0269-7491, Abstract: Microplastic and microfiber pollution has been documented in all major ocean basins. Microfibers are one of the most common microparticle pollutants along shorelines. Over 9 million tons of fibers are produced annually; 60% are synthetic and \u223c25% are non-synthetic. Non-synthetic and semi-synthetic microfibers are infrequently documented and not typically included in marine environment impact analyses, resulting in underestimation of a potentially pervasive and harmful pollutant. We present the most extensive worldwide microparticle distribution dataset using 1-liter grab samples (n\u202f=\u202f1393). Our citizen scientist driven study shows a global microparticle average of 11.8\u202f\u00b1\u202f24.0 particles L\u22121 (mean\u202f\u00b1\u202fSD), approximately three orders of magnitude higher than global model predictions. Open ocean samples showed consistently higher densities than coastal samples, with the highest concentrations found in the polar oceans (n\u202f=\u202f51), confirming previous empirical and theoretical studies. Particles were predominantly microfibers (91%) and 0.1\u20131.5\u202fmm in length (77%), a smaller size than those captured in the majority of surface studies. Using \u03bcFT-IR we determined the material types of 113 pieces; 57% were classified as synthetic, 12% as semi-synthetic, and 31% as non-synthetic. Samples were taken globally, including from coastal environments and understudied ocean regions. Some of these sites are emerging as areas of concentrated floating plastic and anthropogenic debris, influenced by distant waste mismanagement and\/or deposition of airborne particles. Incorporation of smaller-sized microfibers in oceanographic models, which has been lacking, will help us to better understand the movement and transformation of synthetic, semi-synthetic and non-synthetic microparticles in regional seas and ocean basins. https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=1igOxgrL6DSSvDtXI161CWaJn6ytsp5X7 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.02.062.(http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0269749117349400)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2222],"tags":[2876,1543,2877,2878],"yoast_head":"\nMarine environment microfiber contamination: Global patterns and the diversity of microparticle origins - One Earth - One Ocean e. V.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oneearth-oneocean.com\/en\/international-marine-litter-database-en-en\/2021\/marine-environment-microfiber-contamination-global-patterns-and-the-diversity-of-microparticle-origins-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Marine environment microfiber contamination: Global patterns and the diversity of microparticle origins - One Earth - One Ocean e. V.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A.P.W. Barrows, S.E. Cathey, C.W. Petersen Environmental Pollution, Volume 237, 2018, Pages 275-284, ISSN 0269-7491, Abstract: Microplastic and microfiber pollution has been documented in all major ocean basins. Microfibers are one of the most common microparticle pollutants along shorelines. Over 9 million tons of fibers are produced annually; 60% are synthetic and \u223c25% are non-synthetic. Non-synthetic and semi-synthetic microfibers are infrequently documented and not typically included in marine environment impact analyses, resulting in underestimation of a potentially pervasive and harmful pollutant. We present the most extensive worldwide microparticle distribution dataset using 1-liter grab samples (n\u202f=\u202f1393). Our citizen scientist driven study shows a global microparticle average of 11.8\u202f\u00b1\u202f24.0 particles L\u22121 (mean\u202f\u00b1\u202fSD), approximately three orders of magnitude higher than global model predictions. Open ocean samples showed consistently higher densities than coastal samples, with the highest concentrations found in the polar oceans (n\u202f=\u202f51), confirming previous empirical and theoretical studies. Particles were predominantly microfibers (91%) and 0.1\u20131.5\u202fmm in length (77%), a smaller size than those captured in the majority of surface studies. Using \u03bcFT-IR we determined the material types of 113 pieces; 57% were classified as synthetic, 12% as semi-synthetic, and 31% as non-synthetic. Samples were taken globally, including from coastal environments and understudied ocean regions. Some of these sites are emerging as areas of concentrated floating plastic and anthropogenic debris, influenced by distant waste mismanagement and\/or deposition of airborne particles. Incorporation of smaller-sized microfibers in oceanographic models, which has been lacking, will help us to better understand the movement and transformation of synthetic, semi-synthetic and non-synthetic microparticles in regional seas and ocean basins. https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=1igOxgrL6DSSvDtXI161CWaJn6ytsp5X7 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.02.062.(http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0269749117349400)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/oneearth-oneocean.com\/en\/international-marine-litter-database-en-en\/2021\/marine-environment-microfiber-contamination-global-patterns-and-the-diversity-of-microparticle-origins-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"One Earth - One Ocean e. 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Non-synthetic and semi-synthetic microfibers are infrequently documented and not typically included in marine environment impact analyses, resulting in underestimation of a potentially pervasive and harmful pollutant. We present the most extensive worldwide microparticle distribution dataset using 1-liter grab samples (n\u202f=\u202f1393). Our citizen scientist driven study shows a global microparticle average of 11.8\u202f\u00b1\u202f24.0 particles L\u22121 (mean\u202f\u00b1\u202fSD), approximately three orders of magnitude higher than global model predictions. Open ocean samples showed consistently higher densities than coastal samples, with the highest concentrations found in the polar oceans (n\u202f=\u202f51), confirming previous empirical and theoretical studies. Particles were predominantly microfibers (91%) and 0.1\u20131.5\u202fmm in length (77%), a smaller size than those captured in the majority of surface studies. 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