{"id":28173,"date":"2021-03-12T13:40:54","date_gmt":"2021-03-12T12:40:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oneearth-oneocean.com\/2021\/03\/12\/plastic-litter-from-shotgun-ammunition-on-danish-coastlines-amounts-and-provenance-2\/"},"modified":"2023-07-05T07:56:39","modified_gmt":"2023-07-05T05:56:39","slug":"plastic-litter-from-shotgun-ammunition-on-danish-coastlines-amounts-and-provenance-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oneearth-oneocean.com\/en\/international-marine-litter-database-en-en\/2021\/plastic-litter-from-shotgun-ammunition-on-danish-coastlines-amounts-and-provenance-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Plastic litter from shotgun ammunition on Danish coastlines \u2013 Amounts and provenance"},"content":{"rendered":"

Niels Kanstrup, Thorsten J.S. Balsby,<\/p>\n

Plastic litter from shotgun ammunition on Danish coastlines \u2013 Amounts and provenance,<\/p>\n

EnvironmentalPollution, Volume 237, June 2018, Pages 601-610, ISSN 0269-7491,<\/p>\n

Abstract:
\nPlastic litter in the marine environment is a major global issue.
\nDiscarded plastic shotgun ammunition shells and discharged wads are an
\nunwelcome addition and feature among the top ten litter items found on
\nreference beaches in Denmark.<\/p>\n

To understand this problem, its scale and origins, collections were made
\nby volunteers along Danish coastal shorelines. In all 3669 plastic
\nammunition items were collected at 68 sites along 44.6\u202fkm of shoreline.
\nThe collected items were scored for characteristic variables such as
\ngauge and length, shot type, and the legibility of text, the erosion,
\nand the presence of metallic components. Scores for characteristics were
\nrelated to the site, area, and season and possible influences discussed.<\/p>\n

The prevalence of collected plastic shotgun litter ranges from zero to
\n41 items per 100\u202fm with an average of 3.7 items per 100\u202fm. Most
\nammunition litter on Danish coasts originates from hunting on Danish
\ncoastal waterbodies, but a small amount may come from further afield.
\nNorth Sea coasts are the most distinctive suggesting the possible
\ncontribution of long distance drift as well as the likelihood that such
\nlitter can persist in marine habitats for decades.<\/p>\n

The pathway from initial discard to eventual wash-up and collection
\ndepends on the physical properties of plastic components, marine tides
\nand currents, coastal topography and shoreline vegetation.<\/p>\n

Judging from the disintegration of the cartridge and the wear and
\ndecomposition of components, we conclude that there is a substantial
\nsupply of polluting plastic ammunition materials that has and will
\naccumulate. These plastic items pose a hazard to marine ecosystems and
\nwash up on coasts for many years to come. We recommend that responsible
\nmanagers, hunters and ammunition manufacturers will take action now to
\nreduce the problem and, thereby, protect ecosystems, wildlife and the
\nsustainability of hunting.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=1l7766GcPdCFhMmOLBtkTJMLPuf5pVFGX<\/a>
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.02.087<\/a>.<\/p>\n

(https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0269749117351424)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Niels Kanstrup, Thorsten J.S. Balsby, Plastic litter from shotgun ammunition on Danish coastlines \u2013 Amounts and provenance, EnvironmentalPollution, Volume 237, June 2018, Pages 601-610, ISSN 0269-7491, Abstract: Plastic litter in the marine environment is a major global issue. Discarded plastic shotgun ammunition shells and discharged wads are an unwelcome addition and feature among the top ten litter items found on reference beaches in Denmark. To understand this problem, its scale and origins, collections were made by volunteers along Danish coastal shorelines. In all 3669 plastic ammunition items were collected at 68 sites along 44.6\u202fkm of shoreline. The collected items were scored for characteristic variables such as gauge and length, shot type, and the legibility of text, the erosion, and the presence of metallic components. Scores for characteristics were related to the site, area, and season and possible influences discussed. The prevalence of collected plastic shotgun litter ranges from zero to 41 items per 100\u202fm with an average of 3.7 items per 100\u202fm. Most ammunition litter on Danish coasts originates from hunting on Danish coastal waterbodies, but a small amount may come from further afield. North Sea coasts are the most distinctive suggesting the possible contribution of long distance drift as well as the likelihood that such litter can persist in marine habitats for decades. The pathway from initial discard to eventual wash-up and collection depends on the physical properties of plastic components, marine tides and currents, coastal topography and shoreline vegetation. Judging from the disintegration of the cartridge and the wear and decomposition of components, we conclude that there is a substantial supply of polluting plastic ammunition materials that has and will accumulate. These plastic items pose a hazard to marine ecosystems and wash up on coasts for many years to come. We recommend that responsible managers, hunters and ammunition manufacturers will take action now to reduce the problem and, thereby, protect ecosystems, wildlife and the sustainability of hunting. https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=1l7766GcPdCFhMmOLBtkTJMLPuf5pVFGX https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.02.087. (https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0269749117351424)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2222],"tags":[2503,2504,2505,2314,2506,2507],"yoast_head":"\nPlastic litter from shotgun ammunition on Danish coastlines \u2013 Amounts and provenance - One Earth - One Ocean e. V.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oneearth-oneocean.com\/en\/international-marine-litter-database-en-en\/2021\/plastic-litter-from-shotgun-ammunition-on-danish-coastlines-amounts-and-provenance-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Plastic litter from shotgun ammunition on Danish coastlines \u2013 Amounts and provenance - One Earth - One Ocean e. V.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Niels Kanstrup, Thorsten J.S. Balsby, Plastic litter from shotgun ammunition on Danish coastlines \u2013 Amounts and provenance, EnvironmentalPollution, Volume 237, June 2018, Pages 601-610, ISSN 0269-7491, Abstract: Plastic litter in the marine environment is a major global issue. Discarded plastic shotgun ammunition shells and discharged wads are an unwelcome addition and feature among the top ten litter items found on reference beaches in Denmark. To understand this problem, its scale and origins, collections were made by volunteers along Danish coastal shorelines. In all 3669 plastic ammunition items were collected at 68 sites along 44.6\u202fkm of shoreline. The collected items were scored for characteristic variables such as gauge and length, shot type, and the legibility of text, the erosion, and the presence of metallic components. Scores for characteristics were related to the site, area, and season and possible influences discussed. The prevalence of collected plastic shotgun litter ranges from zero to 41 items per 100\u202fm with an average of 3.7 items per 100\u202fm. Most ammunition litter on Danish coasts originates from hunting on Danish coastal waterbodies, but a small amount may come from further afield. North Sea coasts are the most distinctive suggesting the possible contribution of long distance drift as well as the likelihood that such litter can persist in marine habitats for decades. The pathway from initial discard to eventual wash-up and collection depends on the physical properties of plastic components, marine tides and currents, coastal topography and shoreline vegetation. Judging from the disintegration of the cartridge and the wear and decomposition of components, we conclude that there is a substantial supply of polluting plastic ammunition materials that has and will accumulate. These plastic items pose a hazard to marine ecosystems and wash up on coasts for many years to come. We recommend that responsible managers, hunters and ammunition manufacturers will take action now to reduce the problem and, thereby, protect ecosystems, wildlife and the sustainability of hunting. https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=1l7766GcPdCFhMmOLBtkTJMLPuf5pVFGX https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.02.087. (https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0269749117351424)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/oneearth-oneocean.com\/en\/international-marine-litter-database-en-en\/2021\/plastic-litter-from-shotgun-ammunition-on-danish-coastlines-amounts-and-provenance-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"One Earth - One Ocean e. 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