PCB Archives - One Earth - One Ocean e. V. https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/tag/pcb-en/ Eine weitere WordPress-Website Wed, 05 Jul 2023 05:48:38 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.5.5 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/cropped-oeoo-logo-unterzeile-blau-1-32x32.jpg PCB Archives - One Earth - One Ocean e. V. https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/tag/pcb-en/ 32 32 The influence of microplastics and halogenated contaminants in feed on toxicokinetics and gene expression in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/international-marine-litter-database-en-2/2021/the-influence-of-microplastics-and-halogenated-contaminants-in-feed-on-toxicokinetics-and-gene-expression-in-european-seabass-dicentrarchus-labrax/ Fri, 27 Aug 2021 10:06:45 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2021/08/27/the-influence-of-microplastics-and-halogenated-contaminants-in-feed-on-toxicokinetics-and-gene-expression-in-european-seabass-dicentrarchus-labrax/ Kit Granby, Sandra Rainieri, Rie Romme Rasmussen, Michiel J.J. Kotterman, Jens Jørgen Sloth, Tommy Licht Cederberg, Alex Barranco, António Marques, Bodil Katrine Larsen, The influence of microplastics and halogenated contaminants in feed on toxicokinetics and gene expression in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Environmental Research, Volume 164, 2018, Pages 430-443, ISSN 0013-9351, Abstract: When microplastics pollute fish habitats, it may be ingested by fish, thereby contaminating fish with sorbed contaminants. The present study investigates how combinations of halogenated contaminants and microplastics associated with feed are able to alter toxicokinetics in European seabass and affect the fish. Microplastic particles (2%) were added to the feed either with sorbed contaminants or as a mixture of clean microplastics and chemical contaminants, and compared to feed containing contaminants without microplastics. For the contaminated microplastic diet, the accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in fish was significantly higher, increasing up to 40 days of accumulation and then reversing to values comparable to the other diets at the end of accumulation. The significant gene expression results of liver (cyp1a, il1β, gstα) after 40 days of exposure indicate that microplastics might indeed exacerbate the toxic effects (liver metabolism, immune system, oxidative stress) of some chemical contaminants sorbed to microplastics. Seabass quickly metabolised BDE99 to BDE47 by debromination, probably mediated by deiodinase enzymes, and unlike other contaminants, this metabolism was unaffected by the presence of microplastics. For the other PCBs and BFRs, the elimination coefficients were significantly lower in fish fed the diet with contaminants sorbed to microplastic compared to the other diets. The results indicate that microplastics affects liver detoxification and lipid distribution, both of which affect the concentration of contaminants. https://drive.google.com/open?id=1c3uQVivv0FV2n_yYbEAatccNUGlVjMdo https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.035.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935117313610)

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]]> Kit Granby, Sandra Rainieri, Rie Romme Rasmussen, Michiel J.J. Kotterman, Jens Jørgen Sloth,
Tommy Licht Cederberg, Alex Barranco, António Marques, Bodil Katrine Larsen,

The influence of microplastics and halogenated contaminants in feed on toxicokinetics and gene expression in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax),

Environmental Research,
Volume 164,
2018,
Pages 430-443,
ISSN 0013-9351,

Abstract:

When microplastics pollute fish habitats, it may be ingested
by fish, thereby contaminating fish with sorbed contaminants. The
present study investigates how combinations of halogenated contaminants
and microplastics associated with feed are able to alter toxicokinetics
in European seabass and affect the fish. Microplastic particles (2%)
were added to the feed either with sorbed contaminants or as a mixture
of clean microplastics and chemical contaminants, and compared to feed
containing contaminants without microplastics. For the contaminated
microplastic diet, the accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in fish was significantly higher,
increasing up to 40 days of accumulation and then reversing to values
comparable to the other diets at the end of accumulation. The
significant gene expression results of liver (cyp1a, il1β, gstα) after
40 days of exposure indicate that microplastics might indeed exacerbate
the toxic effects (liver metabolism, immune system, oxidative stress) of
some chemical contaminants sorbed to microplastics. Seabass quickly
metabolised BDE99 to BDE47 by debromination, probably mediated by
deiodinase enzymes, and unlike other contaminants, this metabolism was
unaffected by the presence of microplastics. For the other PCBs and
BFRs, the elimination coefficients were significantly lower in fish fed
the diet with contaminants sorbed to microplastic compared to the other
diets. The results indicate that microplastics affects liver
detoxification and lipid distribution, both of which affect the
concentration of contaminants.

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1c3uQVivv0FV2n_yYbEAatccNUGlVjMdo
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.035.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935117313610)

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]]> european cetaceansociety.eu/conference/29th-ecs-conference https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/europe-en/2015/european-cetaceansociety-euconference29th-ecs-conference/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/europe-en/2015/european-cetaceansociety-euconference29th-ecs-conference/#respond Fri, 13 Mar 2015 21:52:55 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2015/03/13/european-cetaceansociety-euconference29th-ecs-conference/ http://www.europeancetaceansociety.eu/conference/29th-ecs-conference http://www.europeancetaceansociety.eu/conference/scientific-programme Ecology & Eco-toxicology: Application of stable isotopes to assess the feeding ecology of long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas) in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean; Are seals and inshore fisheries targeting the same food source?; Long-term trends in diet and mortality in harbour porpoises in Scottish waters; Eco-toxicological analysis of free-ranging cetaceans from the North-western Mediterranean Sea; Global pollution (PCB) hotspots and European dolphin declines; Fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) as wide-scale sentinel of exposure to microplastics in marine environment: the case study of Mediterranean Sea and Sea of Cortez;

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]]> http://www.europeancetaceansociety.eu/conference/29th-ecs-conference

http://www.europeancetaceansociety.eu/conference/scientific-programme

Ecology & Eco-toxicology: Application of stable isotopes to assess the
feeding ecology of long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas) in the
Northeast Atlantic Ocean; Are seals and inshore fisheries targeting the
same food source?; Long-term trends in diet and mortality in harbour
porpoises in Scottish waters; Eco-toxicological analysis of free-ranging
cetaceans from the North-western Mediterranean Sea; Global pollution
(PCB) hotspots and European dolphin declines; Fin whales (Balaenoptera
physalus) as wide-scale sentinel of exposure to microplastics in marine
environment: the case study of Mediterranean Sea and Sea of Cortez;

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/europe-en/2015/european-cetaceansociety-euconference29th-ecs-conference/feed/ 0 Strong Sorption of PCBs to Nanoplastics, Microplastics, Carbon Nanotubes, and Fullerenes https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/strong-sorption-of-pcbs-to-nanoplastics-microplastics-carbon-nanotubes-and-fullerenes-2/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/strong-sorption-of-pcbs-to-nanoplastics-microplastics-carbon-nanotubes-and-fullerenes-2/#respond Wed, 17 Sep 2014 20:02:31 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2014/09/17/strong-sorption-of-pcbs-to-nanoplastics-microplastics-carbon-nanotubes-and-fullerenes-2/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es405721v I. Velzeboer, C. J. A. F. Kwadijk, and A. A. Koelmans Strong Sorption of PCBs to Nanoplastics, Microplastics, Carbon Nanotubes, and Fullerenes Environ. Sci. Technol., 2014, 48 (9), pp 4869?4876 DOI: 10.1021/es405721v Abstract The presence of microplastic and carbon-based nanoparticles in the environment may have implications for the fate and effects of traditional hydrophobic chemicals. Here we present parameters for the sorption of 17 CB congeners to 10?180 ?m sized polyethylene (micro-PE), 70 nm polystyrene (nano-PS), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), fullerene (C60), and a natural sediment in the environmentally relevant 10?5?10?1 ?g L?1 concentration range. Effects of salinity and sediment organic matter fouling were assessed by measuring the isotherms in fresh- and seawater, with and without sediment present. Sorption to the ?bulk? sorbents sediment organic matter (OM) and micro-PE occurred through linear hydrophobic partitioning with OM and micro-PE having similar sorption affinity. Sorption to MWCNT and nano-PS was nonlinear. PCB sorption to MWCNT and C60 was 3?4 orders of magnitude stronger than to OM and micro-PE. Sorption to nano-PS was 1?2 orders of magnitude stronger than to micro-PE, which was attributed to the higher aromaticity and surface?volume ratio of nano-PS. Organic matter effects varied among sorbents, with the largest OM fouling effect observed for the high surface sorbents MWCNT and nano-PS. Salinity decreased sorption for sediment and MWCNT but increased sorption for the polymers nano-PS and micro-PE. The exceptionally strong sorption of (planar) PCBs to C60, MWCNT, and nano-PS may imply increased hazards upon membrane transfer of these particles.

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]]> http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es405721v I. Velzeboer, C. J. A. F. Kwadijk, and A. A. Koelmans Strong Sorption of PCBs to Nanoplastics, Microplastics, Carbon Nanotubes, and Fullerenes Environ. Sci. Technol., 2014, 48 (9), pp 4869?4876 DOI: 10.1021/es405721v Abstract The presence of microplastic and carbon-based nanoparticles in the environment may have implications for the fate and effects of traditional hydrophobic chemicals. Here we present parameters for the sorption of 17 CB congeners to 10?180 ?m sized polyethylene (micro-PE), 70 nm polystyrene (nano-PS), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), fullerene (C60), and a natural sediment in the environmentally relevant 10?5?10?1 ?g L?1 concentration range. Effects of salinity and sediment organic matter fouling were assessed by measuring the isotherms in fresh- and seawater, with and without sediment present. Sorption to the ?bulk? sorbents sediment organic matter (OM) and micro-PE occurred through linear hydrophobic partitioning with OM and micro-PE having similar sorption affinity. Sorption to MWCNT and nano-PS was nonlinear. PCB sorption to MWCNT and C60 was 3?4 orders of magnitude stronger than to OM and micro-PE. Sorption to nano-PS was 1?2 orders of magnitude stronger than to micro-PE, which was attributed to the higher aromaticity and surface?volume ratio of nano-PS. Organic matter effects varied among sorbents, with the largest OM fouling effect observed for the high surface sorbents MWCNT and nano-PS. Salinity decreased sorption for sediment and MWCNT but increased sorption for the polymers nano-PS and micro-PE. The exceptionally strong sorption of (planar) PCBs to C60, MWCNT, and nano-PS may imply increased hazards upon membrane transfer of these particles.

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/strong-sorption-of-pcbs-to-nanoplastics-microplastics-carbon-nanotubes-and-fullerenes-2/feed/ 0 Modelling exposure of oceanic higher trophic-level consumers to polychlorinated biphenyls: Pollution “hotspots” in relation to mass mortality events of marine mammals https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/modelling-exposure-of-oceanic-higher-trophic-level-consumers-to-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pollution-hotspots-in-relation-to-mass-mortality-events-of-marine-mammals/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/modelling-exposure-of-oceanic-higher-trophic-level-consumers-to-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pollution-hotspots-in-relation-to-mass-mortality-events-of-marine-mammals/#respond Thu, 14 Aug 2014 19:24:04 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2014/08/14/modelling-exposure-of-oceanic-higher-trophic-level-consumers-to-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pollution-hotspots-in-relation-to-mass-mortality-events-of-marine-mammals/ Itsuki C. Handoh, Toru Kawai, Modelling exposure of oceanic higher trophic-level consumers to polychlorinated biphenyls: Pollution ?hotspots? in relation to mass mortality events of marine mammals, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Available online 9 July 2014, ISSN 0025-326X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.031. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X14004111) Abstract: Marine mammals in the past mass mortality events may have been susceptible to infection because their immune systems were suppressed through the bioaccumulation of environmental pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). We compiled mortality event data sets of 33 marine mammal species, and employed a Finely-Advanced Transboundary Environmental model (FATE) to model the exposure of the global fish community to PCB congeners, in order to define critical exposure levels (CELs) of PCBs above which mass mortality events are likely to occur. Our modelling approach enabled us to describe the mass mortality events in the context of exposure of higher-trophic consumers to PCBs and to identify marine pollution ?hotspots? such as the Mediterranean Sea and north-western European coasts. We demonstrated that the CELs can be applied to quantify a chemical pollution Planetary Boundary, under which a safe operating space for marine mammals and humanity can exist. Keywords: Chemical pollution; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Multi-media model; Mortality events of marine mammals; Critical exposure level; Planetary Boundaries

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]]> Itsuki C. Handoh, Toru Kawai, Modelling exposure of oceanic higher trophic-level consumers to polychlorinated biphenyls: Pollution ?hotspots? in relation to mass mortality events of marine mammals, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Available online 9 July 2014, ISSN 0025-326X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.031. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X14004111) Abstract: Marine mammals in the past mass mortality events may have been susceptible to infection because their immune systems were suppressed through the bioaccumulation of environmental pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). We compiled mortality event data sets of 33 marine mammal species, and employed a Finely-Advanced Transboundary Environmental model (FATE) to model the exposure of the global fish community to PCB congeners, in order to define critical exposure levels (CELs) of PCBs above which mass mortality events are likely to occur. Our modelling approach enabled us to describe the mass mortality events in the context of exposure of higher-trophic consumers to PCBs and to identify marine pollution ?hotspots? such as the Mediterranean Sea and north-western European coasts. We demonstrated that the CELs can be applied to quantify a chemical pollution Planetary Boundary, under which a safe operating space for marine mammals and humanity can exist. Keywords: Chemical pollution; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Multi-media model; Mortality events of marine mammals; Critical exposure level; Planetary Boundaries

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/modelling-exposure-of-oceanic-higher-trophic-level-consumers-to-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pollution-hotspots-in-relation-to-mass-mortality-events-of-marine-mammals/feed/ 0 Quality assessment of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis): Comparison between commercial and wild types https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/atlantic-en/2014/quality-assessment-of-the-blue-mussel-mytilus-edulis-comparison-between-commercial-and-wild-types/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/atlantic-en/2014/quality-assessment-of-the-blue-mussel-mytilus-edulis-comparison-between-commercial-and-wild-types/#respond Tue, 12 Aug 2014 20:39:26 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2014/08/12/quality-assessment-of-the-blue-mussel-mytilus-edulis-comparison-between-commercial-and-wild-types/ B. De Witte, L. Devriese, K. Bekaert, S. Hoffman, G. Vandermeersch, K. Cooreman, J. Robbens, Quality assessment of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis): Comparison between commercial and wild types, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 85, Issue 1, 15 August 2014, Pages 146-155, ISSN 0025-326X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.006. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X14003671) Abstract: This study compared species identity, microplastics, chemical and microbial contamination between consumption mussels and wild type mussels, collected at Belgian department stores and Belgian groynes and quaysides, respectively. Species identification based on genetic analysis showed a high number of Mytilus (M.) edulis compared to M. galloprovincialis and M. edulis/galloprovincialis hybrid mussels. The number of total microplastics varied from 2.6 to 5.1 fibres/10 g of mussel. A higher prevalence of orange fibres at quaysides is related to fisheries activities. Chemical contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorobiphenyls could be related to industrial activities and water turbidity, with maximum concentrations at the quayside of port Zeebrugge. The inverse was noted for Escherichia coli contamination, which was relatively low at Zeebrugge quayside with a total count of 3.9 × 102 CFU/100 g tissue, due to limited agricultural effluents. Results of this complementary analysis stress the importance of integrated monitoring and quality assessment. Keywords: Mytilus edulis; Mussels; PAH; PCB; E. coli; Microplastics

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]]> B. De Witte, L. Devriese, K. Bekaert, S. Hoffman, G. Vandermeersch, K. Cooreman, J. Robbens, Quality assessment of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis): Comparison between commercial and wild types, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 85, Issue 1, 15 August 2014, Pages 146-155, ISSN 0025-326X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.006. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X14003671) Abstract: This study compared species identity, microplastics, chemical and microbial contamination between consumption mussels and wild type mussels, collected at Belgian department stores and Belgian groynes and quaysides, respectively. Species identification based on genetic analysis showed a high number of Mytilus (M.) edulis compared to M. galloprovincialis and M. edulis/galloprovincialis hybrid mussels. The number of total microplastics varied from 2.6 to 5.1 fibres/10 g of mussel. A higher prevalence of orange fibres at quaysides is related to fisheries activities. Chemical contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorobiphenyls could be related to industrial activities and water turbidity, with maximum concentrations at the quayside of port Zeebrugge. The inverse was noted for Escherichia coli contamination, which was relatively low at Zeebrugge quayside with a total count of 3.9 × 102 CFU/100 g tissue, due to limited agricultural effluents. Results of this complementary analysis stress the importance of integrated monitoring and quality assessment. Keywords: Mytilus edulis; Mussels; PAH; PCB; E. coli; Microplastics

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/atlantic-en/2014/quality-assessment-of-the-blue-mussel-mytilus-edulis-comparison-between-commercial-and-wild-types/feed/ 0 Effects of Age, Adipose Percent, and Reproduction on PCB Concentrations and Profiles in an Extreme Fasting North Pacific Marine Mammal https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/effects-of-age-adipose-percent-and-reproduction-on-pcb-concentrations-and-profiles-in-an-extreme-fasting-north-pacific-marine-mammal/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/effects-of-age-adipose-percent-and-reproduction-on-pcb-concentrations-and-profiles-in-an-extreme-fasting-north-pacific-marine-mammal/#respond Fri, 09 May 2014 10:25:40 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2014/05/09/effects-of-age-adipose-percent-and-reproduction-on-pcb-concentrations-and-profiles-in-an-extreme-fasting-north-pacific-marine-mammal/ http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0096191 Peterson SH, Hassrick JL, Lafontaine A, Thomé J-P, Crocker DE, et al. (2014) Effects of Age, Adipose Percent, and Reproduction on PCB Concentrations and Profiles in an Extreme Fasting North Pacific Marine Mammal. PLoS ONE 9(4): e96191. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096191 Abstract Persistent organic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are widely distributed and detectable far from anthropogenic sources. Northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) biannually travel thousands of kilometers to forage in coastal and open-ocean regions of the northeast Pacific Ocean and then return to land where they fast while breeding and molting. Our study examined potential effects of age, adipose percent, and the difference between the breeding and molting fasts on PCB concentrations and congener profiles in blubber and serum of northern elephant seal females. Between 2005 and 2007, we sampled blubber and blood from 58 seals before and after a foraging trip, which were then analyzed for PCBs. Age did not significantly affect total PCB concentrations; however, the proportion of PCB congeners with different numbers of chlorine atoms was significantly affected by age, especially in the outer blubber. Younger adult females had a significantly greater proportion of low-chlorinated PCBs (tri-, tetra-, and penta-CBs) than older females, with the opposite trend observed for hepta-CBs, indicating that an age-associated process such as parity (birth) may significantly affect congener profiles. The percent of adipose tissue had a significant relationship with inner blubber PCB concentrations, with the highest mean concentrations observed at the end of the molting fast. These results highlight the importance of sampling across the entire blubber layer when assessing contaminant levels in phocid seals and taking into account the adipose stores and reproductive status of an animal when conducting contaminant research. http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchObject.action;jsessionid=94BBD82BF32D7717703CB87A8ABAF562?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0096191&representation=PDF

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]]> http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0096191 Peterson SH, Hassrick JL, Lafontaine A, Thomé J-P, Crocker DE, et al. (2014) Effects of Age, Adipose Percent, and Reproduction on PCB Concentrations and Profiles in an Extreme Fasting North Pacific Marine Mammal. PLoS ONE 9(4): e96191. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096191 Abstract Persistent organic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are widely distributed and detectable far from anthropogenic sources. Northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) biannually travel thousands of kilometers to forage in coastal and open-ocean regions of the northeast Pacific Ocean and then return to land where they fast while breeding and molting. Our study examined potential effects of age, adipose percent, and the difference between the breeding and molting fasts on PCB concentrations and congener profiles in blubber and serum of northern elephant seal females. Between 2005 and 2007, we sampled blubber and blood from 58 seals before and after a foraging trip, which were then analyzed for PCBs. Age did not significantly affect total PCB concentrations; however, the proportion of PCB congeners with different numbers of chlorine atoms was significantly affected by age, especially in the outer blubber. Younger adult females had a significantly greater proportion of low-chlorinated PCBs (tri-, tetra-, and penta-CBs) than older females, with the opposite trend observed for hepta-CBs, indicating that an age-associated process such as parity (birth) may significantly affect congener profiles. The percent of adipose tissue had a significant relationship with inner blubber PCB concentrations, with the highest mean concentrations observed at the end of the molting fast. These results highlight the importance of sampling across the entire blubber layer when assessing contaminant levels in phocid seals and taking into account the adipose stores and reproductive status of an animal when conducting contaminant research. http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchObject.action;jsessionid=94BBD82BF32D7717703CB87A8ABAF562?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0096191&representation=PDF

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/effects-of-age-adipose-percent-and-reproduction-on-pcb-concentrations-and-profiles-in-an-extreme-fasting-north-pacific-marine-mammal/feed/ 0 Strong sorption of PCBs to nanoplastics, microplastics, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/strong-sorption-of-pcbs-to-nanoplastics-microplastics-carbon-nanotubes-and-fullerenes/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/strong-sorption-of-pcbs-to-nanoplastics-microplastics-carbon-nanotubes-and-fullerenes/#respond Mon, 14 Apr 2014 20:21:10 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2014/04/14/strong-sorption-of-pcbs-to-nanoplastics-microplastics-carbon-nanotubes-and-fullerenes/ http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es405721v Ilona Velzeboer, Christiaan Kwadijk, and Albert Aart Koelmans Strong sorption of PCBs to nanoplastics, microplastics, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes Environ. Sci. Technol., Just Accepted Manuscript DOI: 10.1021/es405721v Publication Date (Web): April 1, 2014 Abstract The presence of microplastic and carbon-based nanoparticles in the environment may have implications for the fate and effects of traditional hydrophobic chemicals. Here we present parameters for the sorption of 17 CB congeners to 10-180 µm sized polyethylene (micro-PE), 70 nm polystyrene (nano-PS), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), fullerene (C60) and a natural sediment, in the environmentally relevant 10-5 to 10-1 ?g L-1 concentration range. Effects of salinity and sediment organic matter fouling were assessed by measuring the isotherms in fresh- and seawater, with and without sediment present. Sorption to the ?bulk? sorbents sediment organic matter (OM) and micro-PE occurred through linear hydrophobic partitioning with OM and micro-PE having similar sorption affinity. Sorption to MWCNT and nano-PS was non-linear. PCB sorption to MWCNT and C60 was 3 to 4 orders of magnitude stronger than to OM and micro-PE. Sorption to nano-PS was 1 to 2 orders of magnitude stronger than to micro-PE, which was attributed to the higher aromaticity and surface-volume ratio of nano-PS. Organic matter effects varied among sorbents, with the largest OM fouling effect observed for the high surface sorbents MWCNT and nano-PS. Salinity decreased sorption for sediment and MWCNT, but increased sorption for the polymers nano-PS and micro-PE. The exceptionally strong sorption of (planar) PCBs to C60, MWCNT and nano-PS may imply increased hazards upon membrane transfer of these particles. http://pubs.acs.org/toc/esthag/0/ja

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]]> http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es405721v Ilona Velzeboer, Christiaan Kwadijk, and Albert Aart Koelmans Strong sorption of PCBs to nanoplastics, microplastics, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes Environ. Sci. Technol., Just Accepted Manuscript DOI: 10.1021/es405721v Publication Date (Web): April 1, 2014 Abstract The presence of microplastic and carbon-based nanoparticles in the environment may have implications for the fate and effects of traditional hydrophobic chemicals. Here we present parameters for the sorption of 17 CB congeners to 10-180 µm sized polyethylene (micro-PE), 70 nm polystyrene (nano-PS), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), fullerene (C60) and a natural sediment, in the environmentally relevant 10-5 to 10-1 ?g L-1 concentration range. Effects of salinity and sediment organic matter fouling were assessed by measuring the isotherms in fresh- and seawater, with and without sediment present. Sorption to the ?bulk? sorbents sediment organic matter (OM) and micro-PE occurred through linear hydrophobic partitioning with OM and micro-PE having similar sorption affinity. Sorption to MWCNT and nano-PS was non-linear. PCB sorption to MWCNT and C60 was 3 to 4 orders of magnitude stronger than to OM and micro-PE. Sorption to nano-PS was 1 to 2 orders of magnitude stronger than to micro-PE, which was attributed to the higher aromaticity and surface-volume ratio of nano-PS. Organic matter effects varied among sorbents, with the largest OM fouling effect observed for the high surface sorbents MWCNT and nano-PS. Salinity decreased sorption for sediment and MWCNT, but increased sorption for the polymers nano-PS and micro-PE. The exceptionally strong sorption of (planar) PCBs to C60, MWCNT and nano-PS may imply increased hazards upon membrane transfer of these particles. http://pubs.acs.org/toc/esthag/0/ja

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/strong-sorption-of-pcbs-to-nanoplastics-microplastics-carbon-nanotubes-and-fullerenes/feed/ 0 Monitoring of a wide range of organic micropollutants on Portuguese coast using plastic resin pellets https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2013/monitoring-of-a-wide-range-of-organic-micropollutants-on-portuguese-coast-using-plastic-resin-pellets/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2013/monitoring-of-a-wide-range-of-organic-micropollutants-on-portuguese-coast-using-plastic-resin-pellets/#respond Sun, 29 Dec 2013 11:28:49 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2013/12/29/monitoring-of-a-wide-range-of-organic-micropollutants-on-portuguese-coast-using-plastic-resin-pellets/ Kaoruko Mizukawa, Hideshige Takada, Maki Ito, Yeo Bee Geok, Junki Hosoda, Rei Yamashita, Mahua Saha, Satoru Suzuki, Carlos Miguez, João Frias, Joana Cepeda Antunes, Paula Sobral, Isabelina Santos, Cristina Micaelo, Ana Maria Ferreira, Monitoring of a wide range of organic micropollutants on the Portuguese coast using plastic resin pellets, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 70, Issues 1–2, 15 May 2013, Pages 296-302, ISSN 0025-326X, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.02.008. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X13000647) Abstract: We analyzed polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane and its metabolites, hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and hopanes, in plastic resin pellets collected from nine locations along the Portuguese coast. Concentrations of a sum of 13 PCBs were one order of magnitude higher in two major cities (Porto: 307 ng/g-pellet; Lisboa: 273 ng/g-pellet) than in the seven rural sites. Lower chlorinated congeners were more abundant in the rural sites than in the cities, suggesting atmospheric dispersion. At most of the locations, PAH concentrations (sum of 33 PAH species) were ∼100 to ∼300 ng/g-pellet; however, three orders of magnitude higher concentrations of PAHs, with a petrogenic signature, were detected at a small city (Sines). Hopanes were detected in the pellets at all locations. This study demonstrated that multiple sample locations, including locations in both urban and remote areas, are necessary for country-scale pellet watch.

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]]> Kaoruko Mizukawa, Hideshige Takada, Maki Ito, Yeo Bee Geok, Junki Hosoda, Rei Yamashita, Mahua Saha, Satoru Suzuki, Carlos Miguez, João Frias, Joana Cepeda Antunes, Paula Sobral, Isabelina Santos, Cristina Micaelo, Ana Maria Ferreira, Monitoring of a wide range of organic micropollutants on the Portuguese coast using plastic resin pellets, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 70, Issues 1–2, 15 May 2013, Pages 296-302, ISSN 0025-326X, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.02.008. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X13000647) Abstract: We analyzed polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane and its metabolites, hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and hopanes, in plastic resin pellets collected from nine locations along the Portuguese coast. Concentrations of a sum of 13 PCBs were one order of magnitude higher in two major cities (Porto: 307 ng/g-pellet; Lisboa: 273 ng/g-pellet) than in the seven rural sites. Lower chlorinated congeners were more abundant in the rural sites than in the cities, suggesting atmospheric dispersion. At most of the locations, PAH concentrations (sum of 33 PAH species) were ∼100 to ∼300 ng/g-pellet; however, three orders of magnitude higher concentrations of PAHs, with a petrogenic signature, were detected at a small city (Sines). Hopanes were detected in the pellets at all locations. This study demonstrated that multiple sample locations, including locations in both urban and remote areas, are necessary for country-scale pellet watch.

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2013/monitoring-of-a-wide-range-of-organic-micropollutants-on-portuguese-coast-using-plastic-resin-pellets/feed/ 0 Toxic Plastic Contaminates the Ocean, Beaches, and Can Poison Wildlife https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/fish-ort-der-untersuchung-meer-location-of-research-sea-en/2013/toxic-plastic-contaminates-the-ocean-beaches-and-can-poison-wildlife/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/fish-ort-der-untersuchung-meer-location-of-research-sea-en/2013/toxic-plastic-contaminates-the-ocean-beaches-and-can-poison-wildlife/#respond Sun, 22 Dec 2013 19:31:26 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2013/12/22/toxic-plastic-contaminates-the-ocean-beaches-and-can-poison-wildlife/ http://www.seaturtles.org/article.php?id=2543 Toxic Plastic Contaminates the Ocean, Beaches, and Can Poison Wildlife Posted by Chris Pincetich, Ph.D. on November 22nd, 2013 New scientific research has confirmed fears of the global impacts of marine plastic pollution to marine life and marine ecosystems. Plastic does adsorb toxic PCBs, PBDEs and PAHs* from seawater and does transfer toxicity from adsorbed chemicals to fish that ingest them, found a new study published in Nature yesterday. Experimental fish were fed a “clean” diet, a diet with bits of virgin plastic, or a diet with bits of plastic that had adsorbed contaminants while suspended in a marine environment near San Diego, California. Toxicologists then dissected the fish and determined that there was a significant transfer of PBDEs to the fish tissue from the plastic that had adsorbed marine contaminants, and that the livers of some fish developed cellular damage. This controlled experiment confirmed the discussions I have been leading for years on the potential eco-toxic impacts of marine plastic pollution to young, endangered sea turtles. Plastic can be a vector for increased pollutant exposure to fish, and likely sea turtles and other marine wildlife, but how bad is the overall contamination of plastic in the Pacific Ocean?

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]]> http://www.seaturtles.org/article.php?id=2543 Toxic Plastic Contaminates the Ocean, Beaches, and Can Poison Wildlife Posted by Chris Pincetich, Ph.D. on November 22nd, 2013 New scientific research has confirmed fears of the global impacts of marine plastic pollution to marine life and marine ecosystems. Plastic does adsorb toxic PCBs, PBDEs and PAHs* from seawater and does transfer toxicity from adsorbed chemicals to fish that ingest them, found a new study published in Nature yesterday. Experimental fish were fed a “clean” diet, a diet with bits of virgin plastic, or a diet with bits of plastic that had adsorbed contaminants while suspended in a marine environment near San Diego, California. Toxicologists then dissected the fish and determined that there was a significant transfer of PBDEs to the fish tissue from the plastic that had adsorbed marine contaminants, and that the livers of some fish developed cellular damage. This controlled experiment confirmed the discussions I have been leading for years on the potential eco-toxic impacts of marine plastic pollution to young, endangered sea turtles. Plastic can be a vector for increased pollutant exposure to fish, and likely sea turtles and other marine wildlife, but how bad is the overall contamination of plastic in the Pacific Ocean?

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/fish-ort-der-untersuchung-meer-location-of-research-sea-en/2013/toxic-plastic-contaminates-the-ocean-beaches-and-can-poison-wildlife/feed/ 0