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	<title>Bisphenol A Archives - One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</title>
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	<item>
		<title>Plastic Is Food Poisoning</title>
		<link>https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/nonresearch-en/2014/plastic-is-food-poisoning/</link>
					<comments>https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/nonresearch-en/2014/plastic-is-food-poisoning/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[guenther]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 09 May 2014 10:44:17 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[2014]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[non research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bisphenol A]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plastic pollution]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2014/05/09/plastic-is-food-poisoning/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-kaas-boyle/plastic-is-food-poisoning_b_5219189.html Lisa Kaas Boyle Environmental Attorney Plastic Is Food Poisoning Posted: 04/28/2014 2:41 pm EDT Updated: 04/28/2014 3:59 pm EDT Take a look at these photographs of albatross carcasses on Midway Atoll in the middle of the Pacific. These birds probably died of starvation since their stomachs were full of the plastic from the nearby collection of plastic pollution known commonly as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. The albatross are unintentionally killing their young by feeding them plastic, mistaking the colorful bits for real food. What does this have to do with YOU and ME? First, that is our waste out there. And secondly, we are also being killed by plastic, just like the albatross. Though we are not in acute danger of dying with bellies full of bottle caps and lighters, we are poisoning ourselves with plastic over time. The seminal book on the threats of plastic poisoning to our survival is called Our Stolen Future. Another excellent book about the chemical dangers lurking in everyday plastic products is aptly called Slow Death by Rubber Duck. Your food is contaminated with toxic chemicals from plastics. These chemicals you are eating and drinking are changing you on a cellular level, altering your chromosomes in ways that can lead to infertility, obesity, and cancer. For women, estrogenic mimicking chemicals can cause breast cancer; for men, these chemicals cause prostrate cancer, reduced penis and testicle size and low testosterone. These threats are not hypothetical. They have been proven in the lab and demonstrated in real world studies. One of the most important studies on BPA was a Rhesus Monkey study (Patricia Hunt, University of Washington). We share 95% of our DNA with Rhesus monkeys so when they are shown to have genetic damage from BPA, we can be pretty sure the same thing is happening to us. The study provides the strongest evidence yet that estrogen-like chemicals like BPA alter chromosomes, increasing the risk of birth defects and miscarriages. The study used levels of BPA similar to those to which humans are exposed though our food and drink and many consumer products including receipts. The study showed that cellular damage can hit three generations at once. BPA can affect a pregnant mother, her unborn fetus, and if that fetus is female, that fetus's future offspring. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1207854109 http://www.pnas.org/content/109/43/17525.full.pdf+html http://www.pnas.org/content/109/43/17525.full.pdf+html?with-ds=yes</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/nonresearch-en/2014/plastic-is-food-poisoning/">Plastic Is Food Poisoning</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/">One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<pre><a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-kaas-boyle/plastic-is-food-poisoning_b_5219189.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-kaas-boyle/plastic-is-food-poisoning_b_5219189.html</a>

Lisa Kaas Boyle
Environmental Attorney

Plastic Is Food Poisoning
Posted: 04/28/2014 2:41 pm EDT Updated: 04/28/2014 3:59 pm EDT

Take a look at these photographs of albatross carcasses on Midway Atoll
in the middle of the Pacific. These birds probably died of starvation
since their stomachs were full of the plastic from the nearby collection
of plastic pollution known commonly as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.
The albatross are unintentionally killing their young by feeding them
plastic, mistaking the colorful bits for real food.

What does this have to do with YOU and ME? First, that is our waste out
there. And secondly, we are also being killed by plastic, just like the
albatross. Though we are not in acute danger of dying with bellies full
of bottle caps and lighters, we are poisoning ourselves with plastic
over time. The seminal book on the threats of plastic poisoning to our
survival is called Our Stolen Future. Another excellent book about the
chemical dangers lurking in everyday plastic products is aptly called
Slow Death by Rubber Duck.

Your food is contaminated with toxic chemicals from plastics. These
chemicals you are eating and drinking are changing you on a cellular
level, altering your chromosomes in ways that can lead to infertility,
obesity, and cancer. For women, estrogenic mimicking chemicals can cause
breast cancer; for men, these chemicals cause prostrate cancer, reduced
penis and testicle size and low testosterone. These threats are not
hypothetical. They have been proven in the lab and demonstrated in real
world studies.

One of the most important studies on BPA was a Rhesus Monkey study
(Patricia Hunt, University of Washington). We share 95% of our DNA with
Rhesus monkeys so when they are shown to have genetic damage from BPA,
we can be pretty sure the same thing is happening to us. The study
provides the strongest evidence yet that estrogen-like chemicals like
BPA alter chromosomes, increasing the risk of birth defects and
miscarriages. The study used levels of BPA similar to those to which
humans are exposed though our food and drink and many consumer products
including receipts. The study showed that cellular damage can hit three
generations at once. BPA can affect a pregnant mother, her unborn fetus,
and if that fetus is female, that fetus's future offspring.

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1207854109" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1207854109</a>

<a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/109/43/17525.full.pdf+html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.pnas.org/content/109/43/17525.full.pdf+html</a>

<a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/109/43/17525.full.pdf+html?with-ds=yes" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.pnas.org/content/109/43/17525.full.pdf+html?with-ds=yes</a></pre>
<p>The post <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/nonresearch-en/2014/plastic-is-food-poisoning/">Plastic Is Food Poisoning</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/">One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Study finds more reason to review the use of BPA in Australia</title>
		<link>https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/study-finds-more-reason-to-review-the-use-of-bpa-in-australia/</link>
					<comments>https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/study-finds-more-reason-to-review-the-use-of-bpa-in-australia/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[guenther]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 09 May 2014 10:40:57 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[2014]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Australian coasts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bisphenol A]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plastic pollution]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2014/05/09/study-finds-more-reason-to-review-the-use-of-bpa-in-australia/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>http://www.deakin.edu.au/news/2014/290414bisphenolA.php Study finds more reason to review the use of BPA in Australia 29 April 2014 A new study provides further evidence of the damaging effects of BPA, the controversial compound used in the manufacture of plastic food and drink containers that is banned in most parts of the world but allowed in Australia. Deakin University scientists are part of the international research team led by Professor Vincent Laudet at the Institute of Functional Genomics of Lyon (ENS de Lyon, CNRS, France) that has discovered a new pathway for bisphenol A (BPA) to spread through the body via a protein known as ERRy (estrogen-related receptor), which plays an important role in metabolism. The involvement of ERRy adds weight to the possibility that BPA could be a cause of obesity and diabetes. ?We know that there are links between BPA exposure and diabetes and obesity but we do not know how it works. With what we have discovered about this new receptor we may well have found the missing link,? said Dr Yann Gibert, a researcher with Deakin?s Metabolic Research Unit. ?Before now it was believed that BPA only affected estrogen receptors and therefore only had an impact on this hormone function. Now that we have found this new receptor we can expand the targets of further research to developmental effects and metabolism.? The results of this study, published in The Journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, add to the growing international evidence of the health risks associated with BPA, that include breast cancer, reproductive disorders, brain function and inner ear development. http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.13-240465</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/study-finds-more-reason-to-review-the-use-of-bpa-in-australia/">Study finds more reason to review the use of BPA in Australia</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/">One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<pre><a href="http://www.deakin.edu.au/news/2014/290414bisphenolA.php" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.deakin.edu.au/news/2014/290414bisphenolA.php</a>

Study finds more reason to review the use of BPA in Australia
29 April 2014

A new study provides further evidence of the damaging effects of BPA,
the controversial compound used in the manufacture of plastic food and
drink containers that is banned in most parts of the world but allowed
in Australia.

Deakin University scientists are part of the international research team
led by Professor Vincent Laudet at the Institute of Functional Genomics
of Lyon (ENS de Lyon, CNRS, France) that has discovered a new pathway
for bisphenol A (BPA) to spread through the body via a protein known as
ERRy (estrogen-related receptor), which plays an important role in
metabolism. The involvement of ERRy adds weight to the possibility that
BPA could be a cause of obesity and diabetes.

?We know that there are links between BPA exposure and diabetes and
obesity but we do not know how it works. With what we have discovered
about this new receptor we may well have found the missing link,? said
Dr Yann Gibert, a researcher with Deakin?s Metabolic Research Unit.

?Before now it was believed that BPA only affected estrogen receptors
and therefore only had an impact on this hormone function. Now that we
have found this new receptor we can expand the targets of further
research to developmental effects and metabolism.?

The results of this study, published in The Journal of the Federation of
American Societies for Experimental Biology, add to the growing
international evidence of the health risks associated with BPA, that
include breast cancer, reproductive disorders, brain function and inner
ear development.

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.13-240465" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.13-240465</a></pre>
<p>The post <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/study-finds-more-reason-to-review-the-use-of-bpa-in-australia/">Study finds more reason to review the use of BPA in Australia</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/">One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>&#8220;Orange alert&#8221;: A fluorescent detector for bisphenol A in water environments</title>
		<link>https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/orange-alert-a-fluorescent-detector-for-bisphenol-a-in-water-environments/</link>
					<comments>https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/orange-alert-a-fluorescent-detector-for-bisphenol-a-in-water-environments/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[guenther]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Apr 2014 17:49:50 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[2014]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bisphenol A]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2014/04/27/orange-alert-a-fluorescent-detector-for-bisphenol-a-in-water-environments/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Liyun Zhang, Jun Cheng Er, Wang Xu, Xian Qin, Animesh Samanta, Santanu Jana, Chi-Lik Ken Lee, Young-Tae Chang, ?Orange alert?: A fluorescent detector for bisphenol A in water environments, Analytica Chimica Acta, Volume 815, 7 March 2014, Pages 51-56, ISSN 0003-2670, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2014.01.038. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003267014001032) Abstract: Due to the prevalent use of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins in packaging materials and paints for ships, there has been a widespread global contamination of environmental water sources with bisphenol A (BPA). BPA, an endocrine disruptor, has been found to cause tremendous health problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for detecting BPA in a convenient and sensitive manner to ensure water safety. Herein, we develop a fluorescent turn-on BPA probe, named Bisphenol Orange (BPO), which could conveniently detect BPA in a wide variety of real water samples including sea water, drain water and drinking water. BPO shows superior selectivity toward BPA and up to 70-fold increase in fluorescence emission at 580 nm when mixed with BPA in water. Mechanistic studies suggest a plausible water-dependent formation of hydrophobic BPA clusters which favorably trap and restrict the rotation of BPO and recover its inherent fluorescence. Keywords: Bisphenol A; Fluorescent sensor; Boron dipyrromethene; Water environments</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/orange-alert-a-fluorescent-detector-for-bisphenol-a-in-water-environments/">&#8220;Orange alert&#8221;: A fluorescent detector for bisphenol A in water environments</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/">One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<pre>Liyun Zhang, Jun Cheng Er, Wang Xu, Xian Qin, Animesh Samanta, Santanu
Jana, Chi-Lik Ken Lee, Young-Tae Chang, ?Orange alert?: A fluorescent
detector for bisphenol A in water environments, Analytica Chimica Acta,
Volume 815, 7 March 2014, Pages 51-56, ISSN 0003-2670,
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2014.01.038" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2014.01.038</a>.
(<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003267014001032" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003267014001032</a>)
Abstract: Due to the prevalent use of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy
resins in packaging materials and paints for ships, there has been a
widespread global contamination of environmental water sources with
bisphenol A (BPA). BPA, an endocrine disruptor, has been found to cause
tremendous health problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for
detecting BPA in a convenient and sensitive manner to ensure water
safety. Herein, we develop a fluorescent turn-on BPA probe, named
Bisphenol Orange (BPO), which could conveniently detect BPA in a wide
variety of real water samples including sea water, drain water and
drinking water. BPO shows superior selectivity toward BPA and up to
70-fold increase in fluorescence emission at 580 nm when mixed with BPA
in water. Mechanistic studies suggest a plausible water-dependent
formation of hydrophobic BPA clusters which favorably trap and restrict
the rotation of BPO and recover its inherent fluorescence.
Keywords: Bisphenol A; Fluorescent sensor; Boron dipyrromethene; Water
environments</pre>
<p>The post <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2014/orange-alert-a-fluorescent-detector-for-bisphenol-a-in-water-environments/">&#8220;Orange alert&#8221;: A fluorescent detector for bisphenol A in water environments</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/">One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Plastics highly concentrated in Australian waters</title>
		<link>https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/objekt-der-untersuchung-kunststoff-object-of-research-plastics-en/2014/301/</link>
					<comments>https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/objekt-der-untersuchung-kunststoff-object-of-research-plastics-en/2014/301/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[guenther]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 15 Mar 2014 16:39:19 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[2014]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[non research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[object of research plastics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bisphenol A]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Microplastic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nanoplastic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plastic pollution]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2014/03/15/301/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>http://www.sciencewa.net.au/topics/fisheries-a-water/item/2674-plastics-highly-concentrated-in-australian-waters.html Plastics highly concentrated in Australian waters Thursday, 13 February 2014 10:00 Written By Rebecca Graham MICROPLASTICS less than 5mm in diameter are contaminating Australia&#38;rsquo;s sea surface at a concentration of more than 4000 pieces per square kilometre, according to research from UWA and CSIRO&#38;#39;s Wealth from Oceans Flagship. Oceanographer and lead researcher Julia Reisser a PhD candidate at UWA&#38;rsquo;s Oceans Institute and School of Environmental Systems Engineering, says this information is an important step in quantifying the plastic hazards that threaten Australian species and marine regions. &#38;ldquo;The high number of small plastics present in our oceans is a toxic threat to marine organisms and environments,&#38;rdquo; she says. &#38;ldquo;They contain hazardous ingredients from manufacturing, like Bisphenol A, as well as pollutants adsorbed from the seawater, which are bioaccumulated up the marine food chain. &#38;ldquo;Until now, we had little idea how much these tiny plastics were present in Australian waters.&#38;rdquo; Ms Reisser conducted sea surface net tows at 57 locations around Australia, enabling her to collect the characteristics and concentration of marine plastics in Australian waters.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/objekt-der-untersuchung-kunststoff-object-of-research-plastics-en/2014/301/">Plastics highly concentrated in Australian waters</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/">One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<pre><a href="http://www.sciencewa.net.au/topics/fisheries-a-water/item/2674-plastics-highly-concentrated-in-australian-waters.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.sciencewa.net.au/topics/fisheries-a-water/item/2674-plastics-highly-concentrated-in-australian-waters.html</a>

Plastics highly concentrated in Australian waters
Thursday, 13 February 2014 10:00

Written By Rebecca Graham

MICROPLASTICS less than 5mm in diameter are contaminating Australia&amp;rsquo;s
sea surface at a concentration of more than 4000 pieces per square
kilometre, according to research from UWA and CSIRO&amp;#39;s Wealth from Oceans
Flagship.

Oceanographer and lead researcher Julia Reisser a PhD candidate at UWA&amp;rsquo;s
Oceans Institute and School of Environmental Systems Engineering, says
this information is an important step in quantifying the plastic hazards
that threaten Australian species and marine regions.

&amp;ldquo;The high number of small plastics present in our oceans is a toxic
threat to marine organisms and environments,&amp;rdquo; she says.

&amp;ldquo;They contain hazardous ingredients from manufacturing, like Bisphenol
A, as well as pollutants adsorbed from the seawater, which are
bioaccumulated up the marine food chain.

&amp;ldquo;Until now, we had little idea how much these tiny plastics were present
in Australian waters.&amp;rdquo;

Ms Reisser conducted sea surface net tows at 57 locations around
Australia, enabling her to collect the characteristics and concentration
of marine plastics in Australian waters.</pre>
<p>The post <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/objekt-der-untersuchung-kunststoff-object-of-research-plastics-en/2014/301/">Plastics highly concentrated in Australian waters</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/">One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Ocean Contamination Generated from Plastics</title>
		<link>https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2013/ocean-contamination-generated-from-plastics-in-comprehensive-water-quality-and-purification/</link>
					<comments>https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2013/ocean-contamination-generated-from-plastics-in-comprehensive-water-quality-and-purification/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[guenther]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Dec 2013 12:04:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[2014]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[plastic pollution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[1styrene dimer (SD1)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[4-diphenyl-1-butene (SD)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[6-triphenyl-1-hexene (ST)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bisphenol A]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chromatography/mass spectrometry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Degradation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dichloromethane]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Elution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[global chemical contamination from plastics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marine debris plastics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[marine litter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Microplastic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[monitoring-gas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nonylphenol]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[phenylethylene (SM)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Phthalate]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[plastic ingestion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plastic pollution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[polystyrene (PS)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SD2]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Styrene oligomer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[styrene oligomer (SO)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[styrene trimer (ST)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Toxicity]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2013/12/25/ocean-contamination-generated-from-plastics-in-comprehensive-water-quality-and-purification/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>K. Saido, 1.6 - Ocean Contamination Generated from Plastics, In Comprehensive Water Quality and Purification, edited by Satinder Ahuja, Elsevier, Waltham, 2014, Pages 86-97, ISBN 9780123821836, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-382182-9.00005-0. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123821829000050) Abstract: For clarification of causes leading to new global chemical contamination from plastics, beach sand and water taken from sites around the world were extracted with dichloromethane and analyzed by selected ion monitoring-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SIM-GC/MS). All samples were found to contain the styrene oligomer (SO) (in this study, SO is considered to be a mixture of styrene monomer (SM), )1styrene dimer (SD1), SD2, and styrene trimer (ST)), a mixture consisting of phenylethylene (SM), 2,4-diphenyl-1-butene (SD), and 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene (ST). New global chemical contamination products were clearly shown to be derived from polystyrene (PS) decomposition and/or elution in the ocean, as well as from marine debris plastics whose presence may persist well into the future. Keywords: Adverse effects; Bisphenol A; Degradation; Elution; Marine debris plastics; Nonylphenol; Phthalate; Styrene oligomer; Toxicity</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2013/ocean-contamination-generated-from-plastics-in-comprehensive-water-quality-and-purification/">Ocean Contamination Generated from Plastics</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/">One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<pre>K. Saido, 1.6 - Ocean Contamination Generated from Plastics, In 
Comprehensive Water Quality and Purification, edited by Satinder Ahuja, 
Elsevier, Waltham, 2014, Pages 86-97, ISBN 9780123821836, 
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-382182-9.00005-0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-382182-9.00005-0</a>.
(<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123821829000050" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123821829000050</a>)
Abstract: For clarification of causes leading to new global chemical 
contamination from plastics, beach sand and water taken from sites 
around the world were extracted with dichloromethane and analyzed by 
selected ion monitoring-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry 
(SIM-GC/MS). All samples were found to contain the styrene oligomer (SO) 
(in this study, SO is considered to be a mixture of styrene monomer 
(SM), )1styrene dimer (SD1), SD2, and styrene trimer (ST)), a mixture 
consisting of phenylethylene (SM), 2,4-diphenyl-1-butene (SD), and 
2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene (ST). New global chemical contamination 
products were clearly shown to be derived from polystyrene (PS) 
decomposition and/or elution in the ocean, as well as from marine debris 
plastics whose presence may persist well into the future.
Keywords: Adverse effects; Bisphenol A; Degradation; Elution; Marine 
debris plastics; Nonylphenol; Phthalate; Styrene oligomer; Toxicity</pre>
<p>The post <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2013/ocean-contamination-generated-from-plastics-in-comprehensive-water-quality-and-purification/">Ocean Contamination Generated from Plastics</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/">One Earth - One Ocean e. V.</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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