Biodegradation Archives - One Earth - One Ocean e. V. https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/tag/biodegradation-en/ Eine weitere WordPress-Website Tue, 20 Dec 2022 21:43:29 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.5.5 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/cropped-oeoo-logo-unterzeile-blau-1-32x32.jpg Biodegradation Archives - One Earth - One Ocean e. V. https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/tag/biodegradation-en/ 32 32 Assessment of marine debris on the coastal wetland of Martil in the North-East of Morocco https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/2017-en/2017/assessment-of-marine-debris-on-the-coastal-wetland-of-martil-in-the-north-east-of-morocco/ Mon, 05 Jun 2017 19:06:41 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2017/06/05/assessment-of-marine-debris-on-the-coastal-wetland-of-martil-in-the-north-east-of-morocco/ Adel Alshawafi, Mohamed Analla, Ebrahim Alwashali, Mustapha Aksissou, Assessment of marine debris on the coastal wetland of Martil in the North-East of Morocco, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 117, Issues 1–2, 15 April 2017, Pages 302-310, ISSN 0025-326X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.079. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X17301078) Abstract: Abstract Plastic waste at the coastal wetland in Martil beach in the North-East of Morocco is one of the problems that have appeared recently. This study aims to characterize the marine debris in the coast of Martil during the year 2015. The sampling is seasonally by type and size. The result shows, for the macro debris, the abundance of plastic (57%), lumber and paper (21.93%), cloth and fabric (7.8%), glass (5.42%), metal (4.40%), and rubber (3.4%). Micro debris is also present in the area in several forms such as wood, plants, and others by 75,63%. This was followed by the foam (26,95%), line (7,8%), and the film (1,23%). The seasonal variation (S1: January–March and S3: July to September) are the most polluted months of the year. The sources of marine debris are mainly tourism (beach users), land (run off), and commercial fishing in the four seasons of the year. Keywords: Plastic waste; Biodegradation; Marine pollution; Martil; Morocco

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]]> Adel Alshawafi, Mohamed Analla, Ebrahim Alwashali, Mustapha Aksissou,
Assessment of marine debris on the coastal wetland of Martil in the
North-East of Morocco, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 117, Issues
1–2, 15 April 2017, Pages 302-310, ISSN 0025-326X,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.079.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X17301078)
Abstract: Abstract
Plastic waste at the coastal wetland in Martil beach in the North-East
of Morocco is one of the problems that have appeared recently. This
study aims to characterize the marine debris in the coast of Martil
during the year 2015. The sampling is seasonally by type and size. The
result shows, for the macro debris, the abundance of plastic (57%),
lumber and paper (21.93%), cloth and fabric (7.8%), glass (5.42%), metal
(4.40%), and rubber (3.4%). Micro debris is also present in the area in
several forms such as wood, plants, and others by 75,63%. This was
followed by the foam (26,95%), line (7,8%), and the film (1,23%). The
seasonal variation (S1: January–March and S3: July to September) are the
most polluted months of the year. The sources of marine debris are
mainly tourism (beach users), land (run off), and commercial fishing in
the four seasons of the year.
Keywords: Plastic waste; Biodegradation; Marine pollution; Martil; Morocco

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]]> Naphthalene biodegradation in temperate and arctic marine microcosms Biodegradation https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/atlantic-en/2014/288/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/atlantic-en/2014/288/#respond Sat, 15 Mar 2014 16:16:23 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2014/03/15/288/ http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10532-013-9644-3 Andrea Bagi, Daniela M. Pampanin, Anders Lanzén, Torleiv Bilstad, Roald Kommedal Naphthalene biodegradation in temperate and arctic marine microcosms Biodegradation February 2014, Volume 25, Issue 1, pp 111-125 DOI 10.1007/s10532-013-9644-3 Abstract: Naphthalene, the smallest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is found in abundance in crude oil, its major source in marine environments. PAH removal occurs via biodegradation, a key process determining their fate in the sea. Adequate estimation of PAH biodegradation rates is essential for environmental risk assessment and response planning using numerical models such as the oil spill contingency and response (OSCAR) model. Using naphthalene as a model compound, biodegradation rate, temperature response and bacterial community composition of seawaters from two climatically different areas (North Sea and Arctic Ocean) were studied and compared. Naphthalene degradation was followed by measuring oxygen consumption in closed bottles using the OxiTop® system. Microbial communities of untreated and naphthalene exposed samples were analysed by polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR–DGGE) and pyrosequencing. Three times higher naphthalene degradation rate coefficients were observed in arctic seawater samples compared to temperate, at all incubation temperatures. Rate coefficients at in situ temperatures were however, similar (0.048 day−1 for temperate and 0.068 day−1 for arctic). Naphthalene biodegradation rates decreased with similar Q10 ratios (3.3 and 3.5) in both seawaters. Using the temperature compensation method implemented in the OSCAR model, Q10 = 2, biodegradation in arctic seawater was underestimated when calculated from the measured temperate k1 value, showing that temperature difference alone could not predict biodegradation rates adequately. Temperate and arctic untreated seawater communities were different as revealed by pyrosequencing. Geographic origin of seawater affected the community composition of exposed samples. Keywords: Hydrocarbons; Naphthalene; Biodegradation; Q10; Pyrosequencing; DGGE; Seawater

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]]> http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10532-013-9644-3 Andrea Bagi, Daniela M. Pampanin, Anders Lanzén, Torleiv Bilstad, Roald Kommedal Naphthalene biodegradation in temperate and arctic marine microcosms Biodegradation February 2014, Volume 25, Issue 1, pp 111-125 DOI 10.1007/s10532-013-9644-3 Abstract: Naphthalene, the smallest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is found in abundance in crude oil, its major source in marine environments. PAH removal occurs via biodegradation, a key process determining their fate in the sea. Adequate estimation of PAH biodegradation rates is essential for environmental risk assessment and response planning using numerical models such as the oil spill contingency and response (OSCAR) model. Using naphthalene as a model compound, biodegradation rate, temperature response and bacterial community composition of seawaters from two climatically different areas (North Sea and Arctic Ocean) were studied and compared. Naphthalene degradation was followed by measuring oxygen consumption in closed bottles using the OxiTop® system. Microbial communities of untreated and naphthalene exposed samples were analysed by polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR–DGGE) and pyrosequencing. Three times higher naphthalene degradation rate coefficients were observed in arctic seawater samples compared to temperate, at all incubation temperatures. Rate coefficients at in situ temperatures were however, similar (0.048 day−1 for temperate and 0.068 day−1 for arctic). Naphthalene biodegradation rates decreased with similar Q10 ratios (3.3 and 3.5) in both seawaters. Using the temperature compensation method implemented in the OSCAR model, Q10 = 2, biodegradation in arctic seawater was underestimated when calculated from the measured temperate k1 value, showing that temperature difference alone could not predict biodegradation rates adequately. Temperate and arctic untreated seawater communities were different as revealed by pyrosequencing. Geographic origin of seawater affected the community composition of exposed samples. Keywords: Hydrocarbons; Naphthalene; Biodegradation; Q10; Pyrosequencing; DGGE; Seawater

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/atlantic-en/2014/288/feed/ 0 Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene by marine bacteria from pelagic waters, Arabian Sea, India https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2013/biodegradation-of-low-density-polyethylene-by-marine-bacteria-from-pelagic-waters-arabian-sea-india-2/ https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2013/biodegradation-of-low-density-polyethylene-by-marine-bacteria-from-pelagic-waters-arabian-sea-india-2/#respond Sun, 22 Dec 2013 21:04:37 +0000 https://oneearth-oneocean.com/2013/12/22/biodegradation-of-low-density-polyethylene-by-marine-bacteria-from-pelagic-waters-arabian-sea-india-2/ Kumar Harshvardhan, Bhavanath Jha, Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene by marine bacteria from pelagic waters, Arabian Sea, India, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Available online 7 November 2013, ISSN 0025-326X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.10.025. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X13006462) Abstract: Sixty marine bacteria isolated from pelagic waters were screened for their ability to degrade low-density polyethylene; among them, three were positive and able to grow in a medium containing polythene as the sole carbon source. The positive isolates were identified as Kocuria palustris M16, Bacillus pumilus M27 and Bacillus subtilis H1584 based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence homology. The weight loss of polyethylene was 1%, 1.5% and 1.75% after 30 days of incubation with the M16, M27 and H1584 isolates, respectively. The maximum (32%) cell surface hydrophobicity was observed in M16, followed by the H1584 and M27 isolates. The viability of the isolates growing on the polyethylene surface was confirmed using a triphenyltetrazolium chloride reduction test. The viability was also correlated with a concomitant increase in the protein density of the biomass. Polyethylene biodegradation was further confirmed by an increase in the Keto Carbonyl Bond Index, the Ester Carbonyl Bond Index and the Vinyl Bond Index, which were calculated from FT-IR spectra.

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]]> Kumar Harshvardhan, Bhavanath Jha, Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene by marine bacteria from pelagic waters, Arabian Sea, India, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Available online 7 November 2013, ISSN 0025-326X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.10.025. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X13006462) Abstract: Sixty marine bacteria isolated from pelagic waters were screened for their ability to degrade low-density polyethylene; among them, three were positive and able to grow in a medium containing polythene as the sole carbon source. The positive isolates were identified as Kocuria palustris M16, Bacillus pumilus M27 and Bacillus subtilis H1584 based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence homology. The weight loss of polyethylene was 1%, 1.5% and 1.75% after 30 days of incubation with the M16, M27 and H1584 isolates, respectively. The maximum (32%) cell surface hydrophobicity was observed in M16, followed by the H1584 and M27 isolates. The viability of the isolates growing on the polyethylene surface was confirmed using a triphenyltetrazolium chloride reduction test. The viability was also correlated with a concomitant increase in the protein density of the biomass. Polyethylene biodegradation was further confirmed by an increase in the Keto Carbonyl Bond Index, the Ester Carbonyl Bond Index and the Vinyl Bond Index, which were calculated from FT-IR spectra.

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]]> https://oneearth-oneocean.com/en/research-en/2013/biodegradation-of-low-density-polyethylene-by-marine-bacteria-from-pelagic-waters-arabian-sea-india-2/feed/ 0